Ƙimar "Tsarin Zafi": Tantance Haƙiƙanin Mahimmanci da Ingantacciyar Masana'antar Abinci da Aka Shirya
Lokacin da aka tantance ko “zafin yanayin” yana da fa'ida mai fa'ida da gaske kuma ba kawai gaggawar hasashe ba, sharuɗɗa kamar ikonsa na fitar da masana'antu na sama da na ƙasa da ingancin haɓakar masana'antu suna da mahimmanci.Abincin da aka shirya ya zama yanayin zafi saboda cutar ta COVID-19, amma ba a ƙirƙira su don lokuta na musamman ba.Shirye-shiryen abinci sun riga sun shiga cikin abincinmu na yau da kullun, suna zama a gidajen abinci, kuma suna canza yanayin cin abinci na yau da kullun na mutanen Sinawa.Suna wakiltar babban masana'antu na masana'antar abinci.Ta hanyar wannan jerin rahotanni, za mu karya kowace hanyar sadarwa a cikin sarkar masana'antar abinci da aka shirya, tare da yin nazarin yanayin samar da kayayyaki na yanzu da kuma kwatancen abinci da aka shirya a nan gaba a kasar Sin.
Shirye-shiryen Abinci = Kayan Abinci = Abubuwan Kulawa?
Lokacin da mutane ke magana game da abinci da aka shirya, irin waɗannan hukunce-hukuncen na iya tashi.
Kamfanonin da ke cikin shirye-shiryen abinci ba su zaɓi don guje wa waɗannan matsalolin jama'a ba.Liu Dayong, mataimakin shugaban rukunin Zhongyang kuma babban manajan Zhongyang Yutianxia, yana sane da damuwar masu amfani game da abubuwan kara kuzari a cikin abincin da aka shirya.
"A da, amfani da abubuwan kiyayewa a cikin abincin da aka shirya ya samo asali ne daga buƙatar B-karshen.Saboda yawan buƙatar shirya abinci cikin sauri da ƙarancin buƙatun yanayin ajiya a cikin dafa abinci, an yi amfani da samfuran da za a iya adanawa da jigilar su cikin zafin daki, ”in ji Liu Dayong ga Jiemian News."Saboda haka, abubuwan kiyayewa da masu daidaitawa waɗanda ke kula da 'launi, ƙamshi, da ɗanɗano' na dogon lokaci ana buƙatar kayan abinci don kayan abinci."
Duk da haka, halin da ake ciki ya bambanta.Kamar yadda masana'antar abinci da aka shirya ta haɓaka, an sake yin sauyi.Abincin da aka tanada wanda ke buƙatar ɗimbin abubuwan ƙari don maido da ɗanɗanon abinci kuma an sayar da su a kan farashi mai sauƙi suna barin kasuwa.Masana'antar a hankali tana jujjuya zuwa ga daskararrun abinci da aka shirya bisa dogaro da kayan aikin sarkar sanyi.
Rage abubuwan kiyayewa: Yaya ake kula da sabo?
Rahoton mai zurfi na 2022 kan masana'antar abinci da aka shirya ta Huaxin Securities ya kuma nuna cewa idan aka kwatanta da kayan abinci na gargajiya, abincin da aka shirya yana da ɗan gajeren rayuwa da buƙatu masu girma don sabo.Bugu da ƙari, abokan ciniki na ƙasa sun fi warwatse, kuma buƙatar samfurin ya bambanta.Don haka, kiyaye sabo da isarwa akan lokaci sune ainihin buƙatun abinci da aka shirya.
"A halin yanzu, muna amfani da sarkar sanyi a duk tsawon aikin don samfuranmu na ruwa.Wannan yana ba mu damar kawar da buƙatar masu kiyayewa da antioxidants lokacin haɓaka fakitin kayan yaji.Madadin haka, muna amfani da kayan yaji da aka hako daga halitta,” in ji Liu Dayong.
Masu cin abinci sun san daskararrun abinci da aka shirya kamar su crayfish, yankan kifin baki a cikin kifin da aka tsince, da dafaffen kaza.Waɗannan yanzu suna amfani da fasaha mai saurin daskarewa maimakon na gargajiya don adanawa.
Misali, a cikin tsarin daskarewa da sauri, ana amfani da wata fasaha ta daban daga daskarewar abinci na gargajiya.
Yawancin abinci da aka shirya yanzu suna amfani da fasaha mai saurin daskarewa ta nitrogen a lokacin aikin daskarewa.Liquid nitrogen, a matsayin firiji mai ƙarancin zafin jiki, yana ɗaukar zafi da sauri don samun daskarewa cikin sauri lokacin da yake tuntuɓar abinci, ya kai -18°C.
Aikace-aikacen fasaha mai saurin daskarewa ta ruwa nitrogen yana kawo ba kawai inganci ba har ma da inganci.Fasahar da sauri tana daskare ruwa zuwa ƙananan lu'ulu'u na kankara, rage asarar danshi da adana nau'i da ƙimar sinadirai na samfurin.
Misali, shahararrun kifin abinci da aka shirya ana saurin daskarewa a cikin dakin ruwa na nitrogen na kimanin mintuna 10 bayan dafa abinci da kayan yaji, suna kulle cikin ɗanɗano.Sabanin haka, hanyoyin daskarewa na gargajiya na buƙatar sa'o'i 4 zuwa 6 don daskarewa zuwa -25°C zuwa -30°C.
Hakazalika, dafaffen kajin daga alamar Jiawei na Wens Group yana ɗaukar kimanin sa'o'i 2 kawai daga yanka, yayyafawa, marinating, da kuma simmering don amfani da fasahar daskarewar ruwa ta nitrogen kafin a iya jigilar shi a cikin ƙasa.
Sikeli da Ƙwarewa a Dabarun Sarkar Cold: Mahimmanci don Sabo
Lokacin da abincin da aka shirya ya daskare kuma a adana su ta amfani da fasaha kuma ya bar masana'anta, tseren da lokaci ya fara.
Kasuwar kasar Sin tana da fa'ida, kuma abincin da aka shirya yana bukatar goyon bayan tsarin sarrafa sarkar sanyi don ratsa yankuna daban-daban.Abin farin ciki, saurin haɓakar kasuwar abinci da aka shirya yana ba da ƙarin dama ga masana'antar dabaru, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa kamfanoni kamar Gre da SF Express ke shiga sashin abinci da aka shirya.
Misali, a cikin watan Agustan bara, SF Express ta sanar da cewa za ta samar da mafita ga masana'antar abinci da aka shirya, gami da jigilar kaya da layin reshe, sabis na ajiyar sarkar sanyi, isar da sako, da rarraba gari guda.A karshen shekarar 2022, babban kamfanin kasar Girka ya ba da sanarwar zuba jarin Yuan miliyan 50 don kafa kamfanin kera kayan abinci da aka shirya, tare da samar da kayan aikin sarkar sanyi a bangaren sarkar sanyi.
Gree Group ya gaya wa Jiemian News cewa kamfanin yana da ƙayyadaddun samfura sama da 100 don magance al'amurran da suka dace a cikin sarrafa dabaru, ajiya, da marufi yayin samarwa.
Filin dabarun sarrafa sarkar sanyi a kasar Sin ya yi doguwar tafiya kafin ya iya “sauka” kai kayan abinci da aka shirya a teburin ku.
Daga shekara ta 1998 zuwa 2007, masana'antar sarkar sanyi a kasar Sin ta kasance a farkonta.Har zuwa 2018, kamfanonin abinci na sama da sufurin sarkar sanyi na ƙasashen waje sun fi bincikar dabarun sarkar sanyi na B-karshen.Tun daga shekarar 2020, a karkashin tsarin abinci da aka shirya, ci gaban sarkar sanyi na kasar Sin ya samu ci gaban da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba, inda yawan karuwar da aka samu a shekara ya wuce kashi 60 cikin 100 cikin shekaru da dama a jere.
Misali, JD Logistics ya kafa sashen abinci da aka shirya a farkon 2022, yana mai da hankali kan hidimar abokan ciniki iri biyu: dafaffen abinci na tsakiya (ToB) da shirye-shiryen abinci (ToC), suna samar da ma'auni kuma na musamman.
Babban Manajan Sashin Kasuwancin Jama'a na JD San Ming ya ce suna rarraba abokan cinikin abinci da aka shirya zuwa nau'ikan guda uku: kamfanonin samar da kayan abinci na gaba, masana'antar abinci ta tsakiya (ciki har da masu sarrafa abinci da masana'antar sarrafa zurfafa), da masana'antu na ƙasa (mafi yawan abokan cinikin abinci da sabbin masana'antar dillali). ).
Don wannan, sun ƙirƙira samfurin da ke ba da sabis na haɗaɗɗen samarwa da sabis na samar da tallace-tallace don ɗakunan dafa abinci na tsakiya, gami da shirin gina wuraren shakatawa na masana'antar abinci da aka shirya, marufi, da gonakin dijital.Don ƙarshen C, suna amfani da hanyar rarraba birni.
A cewar San Ming, sama da kashi 95% na abincin da aka shirya na buƙatar aikin sarkar sanyi.Don rarrabawar gari, JD Logistics shima yana da tsare-tsare masu dacewa, gami da mafita na mintuna 30, mintuna 45, da isar da mintuna 60, da kuma tsare-tsaren isarwa gabaɗaya.
A halin yanzu, sarkar sanyi ta JD tana aiki sama da wuraren ajiyar sarkar sanyi mai sarrafa zafin jiki 100 don sabbin abinci, wanda ya mamaye fiye da birane 330.Dogaro da waɗannan shimfidu masu sanyi, abokan ciniki da masu siye za su iya karɓar abincin da aka shirya da sauri, suna tabbatar da sabo na samfuran.
Sarkar Sanyi Gina Kai: Ribobi da Fursunoni
Kamfanonin samar da abinci da aka shirya suna amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban don sarƙoƙi na sanyi: wasu suna gina nasu ajiyar sanyi da kayan aikin sarkar sanyi, wasu suna haɗin gwiwa tare da kamfanonin dabaru na ɓangare na uku, wasu kuma suna amfani da hanyoyin biyu.
Misali, kamfanoni irin su Heshi Aquatic da Yongji Aquatic galibi suna amfani da kai ne, yayin da kungiyar CP ta gina dabarun sarrafa sarkar sanyi a Zhanjiang.Hengxing Aquatic da Wens Group sun zaɓi yin haɗin gwiwa tare da Sarkar Cold Chain.Yawancin kanana da matsakaitan kamfanonin abinci da aka shirya a Zhucheng, Shandong sun dogara da kamfanonin sayan kayan sanyi na ɓangare na uku.
Akwai ribobi da fursunoni don gina sarkar sanyin ku.
Kamfanoni da ke son faɗaɗawa galibi suna yin la'akari da gina kansu saboda la'akari da sikelin.Fa'idar sarƙoƙin sanyi da aka gina kai shine ikon iya sarrafa tsarin dabaru yadda ya kamata, rage haɗarin ma'amala ta hanyar sa ido sosai kan ingancin sabis na dabaru.Hakanan yana ba da damar samun saurin shiga bayanan mabukaci da yanayin kasuwa.
Koyaya, ƙarancin hanyoyin isar da kai shine babban farashi na kafa tsarin saƙo mai sanyi, yana buƙatar babban jari.Ba tare da isassun albarkatun kuɗi da ɗimbin umarni don tallafa masa ba, zai iya kawo cikas ga ci gaban kamfanin.
Yin amfani da isar da dabaru na ɓangare na uku yana da fa'ida mai mahimmanci wajen raba tallace-tallace da dabaru, baiwa kamfani damar mai da hankali kan tallace-tallace yayin rage farashin kayan aiki.
Bugu da ƙari, don kayan abinci da aka shirya, kamfanonin dabaru kamar Zhongtong Cold Chain suna haɓaka sabis na bayyana sarkar sanyi na "kasa da manyan motoci" (LTL).
A cikin sassauƙan ƙa'idodi, an raba ƙazantar hanyar zuwa cikakken lodin manyan motoci da kayan aikin ƙasa da abin da bai wuce na manyan motoci ba.Daga mahangar adadin odar kaya, cikakkun kayan aikin lodin manyan motoci na nufin odar kaya guda daya cika babbar babbar mota.
Kayan aikin ƙasa da manyan motoci yana buƙatar odar kaya da yawa don cika babbar mota, haɗa kayayyaki daga abokan ciniki da yawa masu zuwa wuri guda.
Daga mahangar nauyin kaya da buƙatun sarrafawa, cikakken jigilar manyan motoci yakan ƙunshi kayayyaki masu yawa, yawanci sama da ton 3, ba tare da babban buƙatun kulawa ba kuma babu buƙatar tasha na musamman da samar da ababen hawa.Kayayyakin kayan aikin da bai wuce manyan motoci yawanci yana ɗaukar kaya ƙasa da tan 3, suna buƙatar ƙarin hadaddun da sarrafa bayanai.
A zahiri, kayan aikin ƙasa da manyan motoci, idan aka kwatanta da cikakkun kayan aikin lodin manyan motoci, ra'ayi ne wanda, idan aka yi amfani da shi kan jigilar sarkar sanyi na shirye-shiryen abinci, yana ba da damar ƙarin nau'ikan abincin da aka shirya don jigilar su tare.Hanyar dabaru ce mafi sassauƙa.
“Abincin da aka shirya yana buƙatar kayan aikin da bai wuce abin hawa ba.Ko don kasuwannin B-karshen ko C-ƙarshen, buƙatun nau'ikan abinci da aka shirya yana ƙaruwa.Kamfanonin abinci da aka shirya suma suna haɓakawa da haɓaka nau'ikan samfuran su, bisa ga dabi'a suna canzawa daga cikakken jigilar manyan motoci zuwa mafi ƙarancin jigilar kayayyaki na kasuwa, "in ji wani ƙwararrun masana'antar sarkar sanyi na gida a Zhucheng ya taɓa gaya wa Jiemian News.
Koyaya, amfani da dabaru na ɓangare na uku shima yana da nasa illa.Misali, idan tsarin fasahar bayanai ba a wurinsu, kamfanonin dabaru da abokan ciniki ba za su iya raba albarkatu ba.Wannan yana nufin kamfanonin abinci da aka shirya ba za su iya saurin fahimtar yanayin kasuwa ba.
Yaya Nisa Muke Da Ƙananan Farashin Sarkar Sanyi don Shirye-shiryen Abinci?
Bugu da ƙari, haɓaka kayan aikin sarkar sanyi babu makawa yana ƙara farashi, yana jagorantar masu siye suyi tunani ko dacewa da daɗin abincin da aka shirya sun cancanci ƙima.
Yawancin kamfanonin abinci da aka yi hira da su sun ambaci cewa babban farashin kayan abinci da aka shirya akan ƙarshen C-karshen ya samo asali ne saboda farashin jigilar sarkar sanyi.
Qin Yuming, sakatare-janar na sashen samar da abinci na kungiyar hada-hadar sahu da sayayya ta kasar Sin, ya shaidawa Jiemian News cewa, halin da ake ciki a kasuwar C-end ya yi fice musamman, inda matsakaicin farashin kayayyaki ya kai kashi 20% na farashin da ake sayarwa. , mahimmanci yana haɓaka farashin gabaɗaya.
Misali, farashin kwalin kifin da aka yanka a kasuwa na iya zama yuan goma sha biyu kacal, amma farashin sarkar sanyi shi ma ya kai yuan goma sha biyu, wanda farashin kifin na karshe ya kai yuan 30-40. manyan kantunan.Masu cin kasuwa sun fahimci ƙarancin farashi-tasiri musamman saboda sama da rabin farashin sun fito ne daga kayan aikin sarkar sanyi.Gabaɗaya, farashin kayan aikin sarkar sanyi yana da 40% -60% sama da kayan aikin yau da kullun.
Domin kasuwar abinci da aka shirya a kasar Sin ta ci gaba da habaka, tana bukatar tsarin zirga-zirgar sarkar sanyi mai fadi."Haɓaka kayan aikin sarkar sanyi yana ƙayyade radiyon tallace-tallace na masana'antar abinci da aka shirya.Idan ba tare da ci gaban sarkar sanyi ba ko cikakkun abubuwan more rayuwa, ba za a iya siyar da kayayyakin abinci da aka shirya a waje ba, ”in ji Qin Yuming.
Idan kun mai da hankali sosai, zaku lura cewa manufofin kwanan nan akan sarkar sanyi da abinci da aka shirya suma suna karkata zuwa ga ni'ima.
Bisa kididdigar da ba ta cika ba, an fitar da manufofi 52 masu alaka da sarkar sanyi a matakin kasa a shekarar 2022. Guangdong ita ce ta farko a kasar da ta kafa ka'idoji guda biyar na abinci da aka shirya, ciki har da "Tsarin Rarraba Sarkar Abinci" da "Shirya" Ka'idodin Gina Masana'antar Abinci."
Tare da goyon bayan manufofi da shigar ƙwararrun mahalarta da ma'auni, masana'antar abinci da aka tanadar da yuan tiriliyan na gaba na iya girma da fashe da gaske.Sakamakon haka, ana sa ran farashin sarkar sanyi zai ragu, yana kawo manufar abinci mai “dadi da araha” da aka shirya kusa.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-15-2024